Liberation of Western Armenia

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Postby Armenian on Tue Apr 24, 2007 4:56 pm

GIRO MANOYAN: WE MUST MAKE NOT ONLY MORAL, BUT ALSO TERRITORIAL DEMANDS OF TURKEY

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Currently the matter is not so much in recognizing the Armenian Genocide, as recognizing the responsibility of the Turkish government for that crime,” “Hay Dat” office head Giro Manoyan stated to a press conference in Yerevan. He said, Today Turkey tries to increase his value both for the U.S. and the European community. “Armenia’s foreign policy is clear and right in this connection: we do not put preconditions and are sure the opening of borders must not be connected with the Armenian Genocide, though ARF Dashnaktsutyun thinks if someone has the right for preconditions, it is Armenia and not Turkey. Nevertheless, I am sure our government is on the right way,” Manoyan stressed. He also added ARF Dashnaktsutyun thinks it necessary to make not only moral, but also territorial demands of Turkey. “Turkey has problems with all his neighbors – with Armenia, Greece, Iraq. Sooner or later all those demands will be made,” the “Hay Dat” office head said.

Source: http://www.armtown.com/news/en/pan/20070423/21990/
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Postby Armenian on Fri May 11, 2007 4:42 pm

Սեւրի պայմանագիրը Հայաստանի նկատմամբ ոչ ոք չեղյալ չի համարել

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1920 թվականի օգոստոսի 10-ի Սեւրի պայմանագրի ստորագրումից հետո անկախ Հայաստանի հետ սահամները պետք է որոշվեին չեզոք միջնորդ ԱՄՆ-ի կողմից: Այդ կապակցությամբ, 1921 թվականի Սան-Ռեմոյում Մեծ Բրիտնիայի, Ֆրանսիայի եւ Իտալիայի ներկայացուցիչները դիմել են ԱՄՆ նախագահ Վուդրո Վիլսոնին հայ-թուրքական սահմանի ճշտման հարցով իրավարար որոշում կայացնելու համար, ով եւ Հայաստանի Հանրապետության տարածքը որոշել էր 110 հազար քառակուսի կմ տարածության մեջ: Այդ մասին Երեւանում մամլո ասուլիսի ժամանակ հայտնել է արեւելագետ, միջազգային իրավունքի մասնագետ եւ Կանադայում ՀՀ նախկին դեսպան Արա Պապյանը:

«Իրավարար վճիռը իրենից միպետական համաձայնագիր էր ներկայացնում, որը բողոքարկման ենթակա չէ եւ սահմանափակում չունի ժամանակահատվածում: Փարիզի կոնգրեսի Մեծ քառյակը համատեղ դիմել է Ամերիկայի նախագահին, որպեսզի իրավարար վճռի օգնությամբ որոշվեն Հայաստանի եւ Թուրքիայի սահմանները Վանի, Բիթլիսի, Էրզրումի եւ Տրապիզոնի տարածքներում»,- նշել է Պապյանը:

Նրա խոսքերով, իրավարար վճռի ճակատագիրը կապված չէ Սեւրի պայմանագրի վավերացման հետ: «ԱՄՆ Սենատում ստեղծվեց Ուեսթերմենի հանձնախումբը, որը զբաղվում էր սահմանների ճշտմամբ: ԱՄՆ Կոնգրեսի գրադարանում գտնվում է քարտեզ եւ որոշում՝ հաստատված ԱՄՆ պետական մեծ դրոշմով, ինչը հաստատում է փաստաթղթի կարեւորությունը: Ավելին, գոյություն ուներ եւս մեկ հանձնաժողով, որը տեղում զբաղվում էր սահմանի նշումով: Այն գլխավորում էր Հենրի Մորգենթաուն՝ Հայոց ցեղասպանության շրջանում Օսմանյան Թուրքիայում ԱՄՆ նախկին դեսպանը»,- ընդգծել է հայ դիվանագետը:

Սակայն, նկատել է Պապյանը, նոյեմբերի 29-ին 11-րդ Կարմիր բանակը մտավ Հայաստան եւ Առաջին Հանրապետությունը այլեւս դադարեց գոյություն ունենալ որպես միջազգային իրավունքի սուբյեկտ: «Այդ պատճառով էլ չիրականացվեցին Սեւրի եւ Լոզանի խաղաղ համաձայնագրերի պայմանները, քանի որ ԽՍՀՄ-ը չէր հանդիսանում ՀՀ-ի իրավահաջորդը»,- ասել է նա:

No one cancelled Sevr Treaty on Armenia

After conclusion of the Sevr Treaty on August 10, 1920 borders with independent Armenia had to be set by a neutral mediator – the United States. In this view, representatives of UK, France and Italy appealed to U.S. President Woodrow Wilson for an arbitration award on the Armenian-Turkish border. Mr Wilson outlined Armenia’s territory of 110 square km,” Ara Papyan, orientalist, specialist in international law and Armenia’s former Ambassador to Canada told a news conference in Yerevan. “The arbitration award on the Armenian-Turkish border is an international agreement which is not subject to appeal and restriction of time. The big Parisian Four addressed a joint note to the U.S. President in order to determine Armenian and Turkish borders on the territory of Van, Bitlis, Erzrum and Trapezund,” Papyan said.

The fate of the arbitration award is not bound with the ratification of the Sevr treaty, according to him. “Westerman’s committee responsible for determination of borders was formed in the U.S. Congress. The map and award affixed by the state seal marking the significance of the documents are kept in the U.S. Congress Library. Another committee dealing with the demarcation of borders at the site was headed by Henry Morgenthau, the U.S. Ambassador to Turkey in the times of the Armenian Genocide in the Ottoman Empire,” the Armenian diplomat said. However, Papyan noted, November 29 the 11th Red Army entered Armenia and the First Republic stopped existence as an international element. “That is why the conditions of the Sevr and Lausanne treaties were not fulfilled. The USSR was not the assignee of the Republic of Armenia,” he said.

Լրաղբյուր: http://www.panarmenian.net/news/arm/?nid=22212
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Postby Armenian on Fri May 11, 2007 6:12 pm

Շուշիի ազատագման 15-ամյակ: http://www.hairenik.com/HairenikTV/HA_TV_Clip77.htm
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Postby Armenian on Fri May 11, 2007 11:39 pm

Իրավաբանորեն, ԱՄՆ-ն մինչեւ հիմա չեն ճանաչել Թուրքիայի Հանրապետությունը

«Իրավաբանորեն, ԱՄՆ-ն մինչեւ հիմա չեն ճանաչել Թուրքիայի Հանրապետությունը: 1918 թվականին ԱՄՆ Սենատը գտել է, որ անհնարին է ճանաչել մի պետություն, որը չի կատարել ԱՄՆ նախագահի իրվարար վճիռը»,- Երեւանում մամլո ասուլիսի ժամանակ հայտարարել է արեւելագետ, միջազգային իրավունքի մասնագետ եւ Կանադայում ՀՀ նախկին դեսպան Արա Պապյանը:

Միեւնույն ժամանակ, նա ընդգծել է, որ պնդումն այն մասին, որ Լոզանի խաղաղ պայմանագիրը չեղյալ է համարել Սեւրի համաձայնագիրը, իրականությանը չի համապատասխանում: «Լոզանում հայ-թուրքական սահմանների հարցը նույնիսկ չի քննարկվել: Դրա համար երկու պատճառ կար. առաջին հերթին, արդեն իրավարար որոշում կար, երկրորդ հերթին՝ Հայաստանն արդեն չէր հանդիսանում միջազգային իրավունքի սուբյեկտ: Ավելին, համաձայնագրի 16-րդ հոդվածն ասում է. «Թուրքիան հրաժարվում է բոլոր տարածքներից, որոնք Լոզանի կանֆերանսում չեն նշվում՝ որպես թուրքական»: Փաստորեն, Լոզանի խաղաղ պայմանագրով մենք վերականգնել ենք Սեւրի պայմանագիրը»,- ասել է հայ դիվանագետը:

Արա Պապյանը նշել է, որ ներկա դրությամբ խոսքը չի գնում հողերի վերադարձիր մասին, խոսքը գնում է միջազգային իրավունքի վերականգնման մասին: «Հայաստանի համար դա, առաջին հերթին, անվտանգության հարց է, որի մեջ մտնում է սահմանամերձ գոտու ապառազմականացումը, Լեռնային Ղարաբաղի հակամարտության կարգավորմանը չխառնվելը, Հայաստանի մասնակցությունը տարածաշրջանային տնտեսական նախագծերին»,- նկատել է Պապյանը:

U.S. hasn’t recognized Turkish Republic juridically so far

“The U.S. hasn’t recognized the Turkish Republic jurudically so far. In 1918 the U.S. Senate decreed that a state which failed to fulfill the arbitration award of the U.S. President cannot be recognized,” Ara Papyan, orientalist, specialist in international law and Armenia’s former Ambassador to Canada told a news conference in Yerevan.

“It’s not true that the Lausanne peaceful agreement annulled the Sevr treaty. The Armenian-Turkish border issue wasn’t even discussed in Lausanne. There were two reasons for it. First, there already existed the arbitration award. Second, Armenia wasn’t an element of the international law any more. Furthermore, provision 16 of the agreement reads, “Turkey renounces its claims to territories which are not marked by the Lausanne peaceful agreement as Turkish.” Actually, the Lausanne agreement had restored the Sevr treaty,” the Armenian diplomat said. At that Ara Papyan noted that presently the matter concerns rehabilitation of international law but not return of lands. “For Armenia it’s first of all a security issue which includes demilitarization of the border zone, Turkey’s abstinence from interfering into the Nagorno Karabakh conflict and Armenia’s engagement into economic projects,” Mr Papyan said.

Լրաղբյուր: http://www.panarmenian.net/news/arm/?nid=22211
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Postby Armenian on Mon Jun 04, 2007 9:12 pm

This is how I foresee the Turkish state falling apart eventually - from within. With Islam gaining popularity within mainstream Turkish society and Kurds gaining in strength its only a matter of time before the Republic of Turkey, as we know it, will cease to exist. Are we Armenians ready to exploit the situation when it occurs?

Turkey keen to attack Kurds in Iraq as Kurdish militant kills 8

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Turkish foreign minister Monday defended his country's right to move into neighboring Iraq to destroy separatist bases there as eight soldiers died in the latest suicide bombing involving ethnic Kurds.

The suicide attack, which occurred at a Turkish checkpoint, killing at least eight soldiers and leaving six wounded, is the latest in a series of terrorist attacks allegedly carried out by Kurdish militants. "We respect Iraq's territorial integrity but we cannot tolerate terrorist activities near our borders and on our territory," Abdullah Gul told an Ankara news conference after a meeting with EU officials. The EU apparently has given tacit support for Turkey's plans for a large military operation in the Kurdish-populated northern part of Iraq against armed members of the Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK).

Speaking after their meeting with Gul, Frank-Walter Steinmeier, the German foreign minister, and Olli Rehn, the EU enlargement commissioner, neither condemned nor openly supported the plan. Renh said, however, that the EU was definitely on Turkey's side where counterterrorism was concerned. The Turkish military have said up to 3,500 PKK gunmen based in Iraq were poised to commit terrorist attacks in Turkey, which encouraged the government to draft a petition to the UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon, asking him to exert pressure on Baghdad over the PKK's presence in Iraqi Kurdistan.

The Turkish TV network NTV said the petition to be sent Monday would substantiate Ankara's claim that a military operation would be legal, citing Article 51 of the UN Charter on the inherent right of individual or collective self-defense by members. Last week Turkey's Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan vowed to decide whether an operation would take place as soon as the military provided sufficient intelligence. "The ultimate decision on an operation is political. We will give consideration to whatever the military ask us to," he told Turkish media.

Amid the Turkish military buildup near the Iraqi border in past weeks, Iraqi President Jalal Talabani and Massoud Barzani, head of the Kurdish administration in northern Iraq, said Sunday the Turks had bombed Iraqi territory in one of several pinpoint raids against PKK gunmen, a claim neither confirmed nor rejected by the Turkish General Staff. Over 40,000 people have been killed in Turkey since 1984 when PKK started its fight for an ethnic Kurdish state in the southeast of the country. Its charismatic leader Abdullah Ocalan has been imprisoned since 1999 on charges of terrorism narrowly escaping the death penalty because the EU, whose membership Turkey is seeking, has long lobbied against capital punishment.

Since the 2003 U.S.-led overthrow of Saddam Hussein, Turkish separatist Kurds have received increasing, if unacknowledged, support from those living in the three neighboring provinces of oil-rich northern Iraq, whose population has sought autonomy from Baghdad and where local Peshmerga militia formally took over security functions from U.S. forces earlier this month. Ethnic Kurds have also been actively driving for autonomy in eastern parts of Syria. The borders between the three countries are still unsecured.

Source: http://en.rian.ru/world/20070604/66654908.html

US again warns Turkey against move into northern Iraq

Washington has repeatedly said it does not believe a cross border operation into northern Iraq will resolve the issue of PKK bases in the region.


The US has again warned Turkey not to send troops into northern Iraq to strike at bases operated by the terrorist group the PKK. The latest warning came on Sunday, with US Secretary of Defence Robert Gates saying Washington hoped Turkey would not take unilateral military action across the border into Iraq. Speaking in Singapore, where he was attending meetings with senior Asian officials, Gates said he understood and sympathised with Ankara over the attacks being staged by the PKK based in northern Iraq.

“The Turks have a genuine concern with Kurdish terrorism that takes place on Turkish soil,” Gates said. “So one can understand their frustration and unhappiness over this. Several hundred Turks lose their lives each year, and we have been working with the Turks to try to help them get control of this problem on Turkish soil.” The US has said it prefers Turkey to work with Iraq to try and combat the threat posed by the PKK in the region.

Source: http://www.ntvmsnbc.com/news/409962.asp

Gates warns Turkey not to invade Iraq

US Defense Secretary Robert Gates on Sunday cautioned Turkey against sending troops into northern Iraq, as it has threatened, to hunt down Kurdish rebels it accuses of carrying out terrorist raids inside Turkey.

"We hope there would not be a unilateral military action across the border into Iraq," Gates told a news conference after meetings here with Asian government officials. Turkey and Iraq were not represented. Gates said he sympathized with the Turks' concern about cross-border raids by Kurdish rebels. "The Turks have a genuine concern with Kurdish terrorism that takes place on Turkish soil," he said. "So one can understand their frustration and unhappiness over this. Several hundred Turks lose their lives each year, and we have been working with the Turks to try to help them get control of this problem on Turkish soil."

Tensions have heightened in recent weeks in northern Iraq as Turkey has built up its military forces on Iraq's border, a move clearly meant to pressure Iraq to rein in the rebels of the Kurdistan Workers' Party, or PKK, separatists who launch raids into southeast Turkey's Kurdish region from hideouts in Iraq. Turkey's political and military leaders have been debating whether to try to root out those bases, and perhaps set up a buffer zone across the frontier as the Turkish army has done in the past. Turkey's military chief said Thursday the army was ready and only awaiting orders for a cross-border offensive.

Iraqi Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki on Saturday urged Turkey not to stage a new incursion, saying his government will not allow the relatively peaceful area of northern Iraq to be turned into a battleground. Turks accuse Iraqi Kurds, who once fought alongside the Turkish soldiers against the PKK in Iraq, of supporting the separatist rebels and worry that the war in Iraq could lead to the country's disintegration and the creation of a Kurdish state in the north. At the Singapore news conference Gates was asked about a reported U.S. naval bombardment on Friday of terrorist targets in northern Somalia.

"That's possibly an ongoing operation," he said, adding that as a result he would not comment on it. Gates was in Singapore to attend an international security conference known as the Shangri-la Dialogue, where he reassured Asian nations that the United States remains committed to being a Pacific power and is not distracted by the Iraq war. He said he did not ask any Asian government representatives to make new commitments to help in Iraq, but he did discuss with them at length the prospect of providing more assistance in Afghanistan. He said some countries, which he did not name, told him they were open to considering new commitments in Afghanistan.

Source: http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/world/2007 ... 886004.htm
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Postby Armanen on Fri Jun 08, 2007 3:19 am

turkey sets ’security zones’ near Iraq

Declaration comes amid troop buildup; commercial flights may be idled
The Associated Press
Updated: 10:04 a.m. CT June 7, 2007
aNKARA, turkey - turkey has declared several areas near the border with Iraq to be “temporary security zones” in a sign of increasing activity by the military in its campaign against Kurdish rebels.

The declaration Wednesday came amid a Turkish military buildup on the border, and on the same day as Turkish security officials and an Iraqi Kurdish official said hundreds of Turkish troops crossed into northern Iraq in pursuit of Kurdish guerrillas who launch raids into Turkey. Turkey’s foreign minister denied there was a cross-border operation.

The military did not clarify what it meant by “temporary security zones,” but some Turkish media reports Thursday said the areas would be off-limits to civilian flights. Others said the zones meant that additional security measures would be implemented, and entry into the regions would be restricted and tightly controlled.

In a statement posted on its Web site, the Turkish military released the coordinates of the areas that would be affected and said the zones would be in place until Sept. 9, but gave no other information.

Newspapers said the coordinates relate to areas of the provinces of Sirnak, Siirt and Hakkari. Sirnak and Hakkari border northern Iraq, while Siirt is farther north of the border. All three provinces have been the scene of fighting with Kurdish rebels.

Three Turkish officials described Wednesday’s cross-border operation as a “hot pursuit” raid that was limited in scope, and one of them said troops returned to their bases by the end of the day. Turkey has conducted such brief raids in the past, but the latest incident comes as rebels are escalating attacks in their decades-old fight for autonomy in southeastern Turkey.

The security officials spoke on condition of anonymity because they were not authorized to speak to the media, and Foreign Minister Abdullah Gul denied forces had entered Iraq.

PM underscores need for parliament OK
In an interview late Wednesday, Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan said an incursion into northern Iraq would require parliamentary approval.

“A parliamentary decision is required, steps would be taken accordingly,” Erdogan told Kanal 24 television. “If we are to take a cross-border step, we’ll negotiate this with our security forces, and when such a thing is necessary, we’ll take it to parliament.”

Erdogan and other Turkish leaders have said Turkey is considering a cross-border offensive, and have sent more troops and equipment to the frontier with Iraq. But they want the United States and Iraqi Kurds to act on their appeals for a crackdown on separatist fighters, who raid southeast Turkey after resting, training and resupplying in Iraq.

Meanwhile, the death toll in a suicide attack in the capital last month rose to eight — including the bomber — after another seriously injured victim died in a hospital, doctors said Thursday.

Turkish officials suspect separatist Kurdish rebels, who have been fighting for autonomy since 1984, were behind the rush-hour attack outside a busy shopping mall. The rebel PKK group denied responsibility.


URL: http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/19092710/
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